a break of dw documentary looks and whether it's possible to create a new global energy system to offset the effects of climate change. the latest as you're looking for, there's always are websites, common things, i'm sure they burst into areas whenever they feel like you don't limit 1000 kind of for design and fashion and most of the pieces in the sky is many on including the subaru. how do they do it? the secret lives of good thoughts may 22nd on dw, the of the new solar energy project in the tank,

a desert of china. it's set to become one of the world's largest and will supply over $2000000.00 homes with electricity in china as elsewhere, renewable energy is becoming lower cost solution. then fossil fuel. the port of albert denmark bleeds are being loaded for an offshore wind park in the north sea. it's. it's beautiful. it's a symbol of green energy. right now the world is going through. it's great is transformation since industrialization. 150 years ago to beach climate change, fossil fuels will need to be phased out for renewable energy. but is that even possible? and if it is, what do we need to do to successfully make it happen? the

it looks a bit like giants performing a dance routine. these rotor blades are among the largest in the world. soon they'll be turning to the coastal winds of denmark's north sea, providing energy from a source that can never run out. outboard is a key location for the transition in energy production engineer ava nielsen is helping make this transition possible. i remember my 1st a 1st time i saw plate moving, it was lifted from the mold and was moving the under the roof. i imagined it that he would just like us is that it was as a ship and just moving a both me because it was so huge and that was sent in to face me the long played and now we have 115 meters. the i still get some chris when i go in production homes and i see it's all the end of the whole several hundreds of lead us away. i can see small people up to 18000

households can be supplied with energy from a turbine of this size here in albert german, spanish manufacturer. siemens can mesa is building some of the largest wind turbines in the world. in the future, however, it won't just be about building as big as possible. i believe in the future that will be much more focused on the, on the waste. our customer will come with them and spend the demands. we come into the contracts that will have to, to, to improve our folks all the time. so that will the, now it's a big news that we can, we can make and recycle blades. but all the time that will be is something that we will need to do because the way we have to improve the way we're building. currently the fiberglass competed blades can't be recycled by 2030 though. all rotor blades made and albert are to be fully recyclable. the we have, we have

a form for the football gonna show us angel to form. and once we finish, we close the form. and then we put a proxy. so the proxy, if the cookie to combines all the materials on all the confidence into together and the big it big is like a cake. when we finish speaking, we open up the mold, and then we have to bleach. it'll be even more important in the future. that wind turbines can be recycled at the end of their service life. as we build ever more of them off shore on the open seas. where today there are thousands, there will soon be tens of thousands. for me it's like a simple off to image. if you have a plate, this is a slice of a bird that out, and i mix of it. this is what you see from the outside is what most people see when the look at the 2 events, what us and yeah, i also look at the insight, we will have this strength where they have to reinforcement so. so it's super interesting and it's really, really nice. the high end technology has been good for growth over 20 years. the

planted l bork has expanded to provide around $700.00 jobs. sarah maci was offered her as well. she was still studying what's really interesting is that when you have this great phone activity produce, you have a lot of modeling industries that kind of follow that. so that means that when we make blades, you need someone who tests them. you meet the, you mean actually stable way to transport it. so you had a lot of growing together when you actually start out with a project list to see what i'm working with in his physical form and knowing that i was able to help make this. that's insane. he grabbed the floor and it really gives a lot of joy in my life. and the, and that's invaluable. denmark is a pioneer in the field of wind energy and a global leader in the transition to a carbon neutral economy. lena bar for it is the deputy mayor of copenhagen

addressing the issues of technology and the environment. when i was a kid, it was kind of the 70s. we were hit by the price like a lot of other countries. and of course, a lot of or political the resources were put into how can we reduce energy consumption. but also a lot of people in copenhagen in denmark site, i'd say we want to produce energy that we can be show off. so a lot of people started to look at wind and solar power. wind power covers over half of denmark's usage, the highest per capita in the world. mad snip a seals are stat builder of offshore wind farms. the way out see the globe move race against time to fight climate change is that there is no competition. the only partners under green transformation and we need to help each other. we need to share or technology innovation we have across the world with each other,

not make it proprietary. because if it's, if one small country convince great solutions, and it only helps a small country, then it won't help the boys. and the rest of europe benefits hugely from denmark's know how and wind energy to while in denmark, wind power already mix up more than half of energy supply. it's only around 25 percent in germany. denmark shows that this change is possible even without major restrictions on demand. the green transmission that is necessary is not a fault. how can we go back to the stone age showing using the green transition is the possibility to make new lives new way of living. that could be a lot better. how can we completely transition to renewable energy? what will that mean for society? these are some of the questions that the pottstown institute for climate impact research is addressing this into them. so what else we got z is if you,

if we need many, many different technologies and then high quantities we want because of a failure to a not to find that policies over the past 15 years from the r is very important to understand how huge the challenge is us some years ago we were discussing that if we don't do anything, then we will have the big climate change. and that would be terrible. now we have to say, it's not something that will come into the future. it's here now. if we are to achieve sustainable climate policy, will need renewable energy in 2022 for the 1st time, there was as much money invested into renewable energy as into fossil fuels. the majority of europe's new wind turbines are currently in the north sea, off the coast of germany and england. in a few years. the power generated is set to be able to supply half of the used population just a few years ago. these sorts of magnitudes were barely imaginable, but things have changed a development which also benefits german,

wind farm operators, offshore into flu and offshore wind was an asset class. everyone used to laugh about, see if you wind turbines offshore and the german nor see or the u. k, the today that is completely changed all of the backbone of our energy transition standard rivaling large power plants are offshore. wind farms are comparable to coal fired plants, even nuclear plants will cost the exclusive, the not the but also the baltic sea outs fantastic potential. especially if off showing is this. i know most of it was a, it's a huge, expensive ocean vehicle with potential to build 300 gigawatts. the following kind of 300 gigawatts of power from the wind farms in europe's northern seas alone equivalent to over 200 nuclear power plants. it could supply up to 300000000 households, a tenfold increase over its current output. the

germany's power grid operators are also preparing for the shift you that always, i think everyone's realized would bone succeed in north sea. and other places will most likely be able to generate to future energy reliably with so many countries and to use the stick about it and so on. so many industry represents tips on board . and i think the consensus is that it really has become in fluids. the world's largest wind turbine test center is located in are still off the western coast of denmark. here they're looking into how to improve the stability and efficiency of the turbines. they're to withstand the forces of nature for 20 to 25 years in combat of conditions that were considered untenable. just a few years ago phased super calm. but you also see the really rough

wind, what it can do and how these structures play with nature. so when it's really windy, you couldn't really hear that the wind is pulling into place. as a wind turbines, output increases soda's. it's cost effectiveness, increased efficiency, ultimately impacts the price of electricity for end consumers, both for household and for industry. we started at the interstate of 10 years ago with a much smaller turbine, that was 6 megawatts in size. and i think it never becomes routine because every year, every 2 years, we expand that the turbine size is significantly even when the wind is blowing. the pace of the use transition to climate neutrality is determined by the speed of adoption of greener energies. northern european countries will need a considerable amount of wind turbines as they build out their networks on sea and

land. it's why s b or denmark has built europe's largest shipping hub for wind turbines in just a few years, all of these here will be supplying electricity also to new industrial centers. so that are being built along the new energy network. i think up in the end, us noisy, i believe we'll see industrial companies, new investments and locations aligning with where energy is particularly great. whereas particularly cheap episodes, i think there's a close connection between transformations and energy systems and future industrial policy and industry party. taking that to the international renewable energy agency has also noted a correlation between sustainable energy supplies and economic up turn in a given the is transitioning to renewable energy is the project of the century, which means rebuilding our industrial structures arena is predicting

a 380 gigawatts, target for 2013, and different 2000 gigawatts by 2050 isn't for sake. those are global targets. 2000 gigawatts is enough to provide a 5th of humanity with power to progress, especially where wind energy is concerned, is astonishing. nevertheless, the pace of expansion would have to pick up significantly to hit that self imposed target. and prices would need to continue to fall precedence customer must and kind of this does via and we've had a few extremely inspiring developments and technology and was thoughtful tax. but if we've seen that the cost of energy being generated by new palms, a full and by a factor of 10 between 20102020. see let's press the tight gate and so it doesn't seem to the transition. does this possible? the 2nd pillar of the energy transition is solar power. it too,

has seen rapid technical advances. the 1st solar power plants used thermal heat to generate power mirrors focus solar radiation onto a tower generating temperatures of up to a 1000 degrees celsius minerals such as salt or melted. they store the heat, which can then be used to power turbines and generate electricity at night, or in bad weather. they're known as concentrated solar plants, initially expensive to operate. they are now experiencing a technical and economic renaissance in madrid, jose luis, out of narrow works for a major spanish technology group, analyzing investment opportunities in renewable energy. and those type in lafayette offers, but i don't understand how long what are the from

a technological perspective. i mean, we're striving to be at the forefront by using the latest solar panel models and technology. so what i like by facial panels, or finding out the best way to optimize our inverters and things like that. well, the best thing for you is that gonna be the prospects for growth in foldable takes in spain are incredibly promising. all of the necessary conditions or years in plenty of land, solar energy, so well connected infrastructure and being motivated supporters for actively developing project. the spain has invested extensively into new solar plants now and it's sunny is reach in the country enjoys very low production costs for solar power when compared to many other parts of europe. the constant advances in technology are now also leading to smaller systems with be centralized applications . the concentrated solar process remains essentially the same. mirrors focus the sunlight, directing it onto a storage medium. in this system, water in

a drainage system is heated. the steam drives the turbine, which in turn generates electricity. that's fed into the grid, the if the spanish and the north sea regions. existing capabilities were utilized optimally. they, with the help of the sun and wind, could cover much of use energy requirements, something becoming more and more possible with the falling costs of renewable energy. when does that mean just says on and the month as of yet? that's a whole lot. and you can see that we went on our way to a system that's not based on fossil fuels, heat renewables by the end of it, it gives us the fundamentals of that. but the question remains to how do we scanned it? so often times, before the worst case clinic catastrophe occurs. um it does if i tried to come,

we'll just, we'll do. we'll do the slips to keep my car to school thoughts event the how do we scale up the building blocks for such a system? scientists around the world are asking themselves the same question in berkeley, california, professor john lin, together with beijing's ching, while university is researching the influence, energy generation has on climate change. in the past, people typically assume going clean or green or inc from your technology or an economy, didn't cost you more, is no longer the case in china as a l square. renewable energy has to be coming lower cost solutions, then fossil fuels. in china, 2 developments in sustainable energy generation are seeing a rapid upswing industrial waste plants in areas no longer being farmed or turning

into gigantic solar farms. around 80 percent of the country's rising energy needs are still met by fossil fuels. but that's a to change. china wants to double it's solar and wind power capacity by 2030. this would place the large country alongside the european union as a global leader in the transition, the big into $5.00 per 2nd. we're predicting that 60 percent of global investment into energy transition will happen in asia, in the 40 percent of dots and china. and, you know, it takes sort of a coordination on massive scale. there's still a lot of a so called bond pump in the road as your transition, so completely to or carbon neutral economy. but climate change is a global challenge that would require global classroom actions from all sectors of the world, both public and private, both industry,

government and citizens. large solar parks are being built on the water and in the mountains to an infrastructure is also coming along by capacity power lines that carry electricity to where the world's 2nd largest economy needs at most, and its industrial centers and large mega cities analysis. they have demonstrated that as clean energy become cheaper than the traditional fossil fuel energy, you're going to save money for consumers and manufacturers for the money saved can be recycle sweet economy, investment and consumption. that will lead to a higher level economic growth and warrant jobs. a new solar plant is currently under construction in the tank of desert it's set to become one of the largest in the world,

supplying more than $2000000.00 households with electricity. projects of this magnitude don't only directly impact china's energy industry. given the science, the chinese economy was decided to move to a certain direction, the able to effect the technology costs of information process globally decreasing costs and increasing efficiency. if the potential of solar and wind energy is harnessed consistently a full transition could succeed on a global scale. worldwide, researchers are currently hard at work on technologies to advance energy generation . in california is silicon valley. there is a special focus on materials research. the scientific community sees this is vital to the transition to renewable energy. the hope is to increase the efficiency of

production that's making it even more affordable. in order to achieve these goals, we need to understand on an atomic level how energy and matter interact. stanford university is home to the world's largest linear particle accelerator with this 3 kilometer long machine. researchers want to find out how certain materials can absorb, store, and transmit energy with as little loss as possible. professor norbert hold kept played a key role in the machines design. the german american has an international research group, the cutting funding destination stuff out of the mind that i'm yeah, because uh california is california or isn't like the rest of america just above the california was in many ways the trail plays that you see here and all team is you will, per hour. this kid as a spectrum of nation is defined in some ways to approach things to of it's great

and also getting the front of the toys. we all the answers on the mail and we worked very closely with several gym and she should have a whole pa, tooth around the world, drop your dependent korea and south career course. totally honest. and many other countries that come visit to us and on the use of facilities to collaborate with us, come and come back again to this guest research. as soon as gus, the gulf, sleeping with this gigantic machine around 3000 researchers are hunting for the smallest particles of matter in order to understand how they affect certain materials and how those materials can be further improve the again, devoid of been an excellent, we're showing interest in this building, the electronic center, right? so the only thing and then the kinetic energy is converted into x right causes pain

. those x right pulses are extremely intensifier on to see about a 100000000 times more intense than any other x rays. or if every show and then what we physically screw car here and let me do this in science, this can use this lots of materials we're searching can on most of the process of a time. there were very few lasers in the world like this one. this one was 1st demonstrated here in 2009, and i'll get to charlotte something like this does in fact well. and then suddenly within 10 years, let's say there's 7 more, some in the wall. i talked events, a game in 2009. it was proven that a laser shot at matter over a very long distance, leaves immeasurable mark at an atomic level institutes and laboratories can ducting basic research in these areas have sprung up alongside the stanford particle accelerator. this is where the materials are created. that will one day help with our energy needs. steve eyeglass leads one of these laboratories. in this lab,

we develop new materials and chemistries for batteries, new architectures for putting batteries together. we develop scalable processes for manufacturing those materials at large scale for the world's energy transition. and we make small batteries that we can actually test and use in real operating conditions. the battery technology is currently developing much like the way micro chips have becoming increasingly smaller and more powerful . without ships, modern life would be wholly inconceivable. the same goes for batteries to they are necessary for the transition away from fossil fuels. yet they're still too heavy and too expensive for many applications. a race in global research has been happening in this field to so touched is just the feeling materiality. and so basically it is indeed true for us in order to truly usher in this new era.

you materials will need to be tailor made to specific use of your under been solution that and since in the move this guy to have the possibility to assemble materials like lack of pregnancy are just as you want them to ball. and beyond me, it's a big challenge of because, and lots of people are working on. it was always for the limited success for what the most it will have a huge impact. and it's in all most vehicle when it's a foreclosure, this age and a half 1000 kilometers away from stanford in copenhagen chase vega, it's a global research group at the technical university of denmark. it compares world wide scientific findings and makes them available to researchers a key concept and what we're doing is developing what's called materials acceleration platforms. and the, uh, you can think of them as scientific legal blocks that you can construct with legal

blocks and different colors from different countries to solve or to build the specific castle that you are interested in, in building. so it's, you can say, continue is the operating around the world, 247, gathering the data that's needed, controlling experiments and equipment at other places it's, it's really a global challenge in a global solution. research so elaborate and complex that it would be in conceivable without international cooperation and exchange once a year for a lens. falling wall science summit springs together leading experts, scientists, vega and hol, can have also been invited. the hot topic at the moment is artificial intelligence, with the immense amounts of data from global research a i could help find the most promising approaches faster than any human guidance. discovery is really key to what we do. but having the right places in the

wall room is actually essential. so yes, we can do a lot with artificial intelligence. but imagine that processing techniques that are required for that specific material to not scale. we need the input from the produces the manufacturing industry to get that integrated into the design process, the system to develop the gradual process to which sometimes if you're lucky can lead to join it. steps forward and cycles will just refer to this problem, of course has to be solved globally, is what i want to know and just solve one problem. but if you want to make this a better, well, you really have to cycle hold of. and so that's my business i this, i'm good. singapore is considered a major hub for research into future technologies. there's a high concentration of world renowned universities and the small city states. many research institutions are collaborating with large globally active companies. on the advanced technologies of our time. the goal is to

test research results quickly identifying any applications for industrial mass production. so that successes can hit the market as fast as possible. the professor used institute to is focusing on research into new semi conductor materials. they're used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. the particular attention is being paid here to a mineral called pair of skates. it's special crystal structure, insures higher efficiency in solar cells. so that's how they make a power sky. the base of the attendance on ourselves is this our powers collab.

this locks us. and because the power sky is a very sensitive to the last year, and also the oxygen and the here are you thinking of also they have a feel wondered person to nitrogen at the most fear and the which allow us to make a deficient on a stable power and uh, just solar cell continue to absorb the layers. why is the power sky otherwise i'll go on it. and this the why is the way things which are pen g t, and the con, the 3523.4 percent, which is the word like are for just kind of have all the solar cells. the higher the efficiency, the more electricity generated chevrolet, money work under source services. and so there are kind of like a, a bridge between the university and the industrial. and the here we want to a center is a transition funds a lot for the actually the national university of singapore. it has a reputation comparable to that of stanford in the us or oxford in britain.

here, interdisciplinary research is being conducted into future green technologies with a focus on solar power. i think we shouldn't be optimistic. we just take solar energy and example a ton of years ago was us. now the cost difference is few $100.00 times difference . we never use fast to be sold cheap, so the only available which it is. if we fix the solar energy, as example, we started 20 years ago, few dollars per kilowatt, right? and over the years through the continues, if us of many researchers and there's actually mix in terms of the size that we can expect now, etc. and some of the places in the world is only like a few cents per kilowatt. something crucial for the future of solar energy. one of the leading centers for research in this field is the california institute

of technology. solar cells using new materials are developed here. professor harry atwater researches there development where do i begin my work in solar energy? the world had less than one megawatt total across the entire world of solar power. we now have as of last summer, more than one terror. what electric power generated by sort of a tech. so a 1000000 se gross, that's just under a quarter of renewable energy sources total output. but of course nowhere near enough for a complete global transition, it's estimated that 20 terrel watts will be needed to meet this goal. researchers like add water, hope to keep improving their materials. internal science is a platform for innovation for sustainable energy. it's a very, very powerful platform because almost all the renewable energy technologies that we

are working on now, whether they be solar cells, fuel cells, batteries, electric chemical cells that make hydrogen or uh, you know, reduce c o 2 and do all of the things that were trying to do, to build a sustainable energy economy. they all rely on materials. something being researched all around the globe in order to move as quickly as possible. researchers need to work closer together than ever before. developers of, of new technologies, new materials have fantastic equipment. the available fantastic resources experts in different domains different places. but we need an infrastructure that supports that we can use that and exchange data to perform the experiments that i'm most essential to gather the missing piece of information that's needed to for the development of, of the new materials. we need to discover new materials that have higher energy

density for electricity storage, new materials that can produce higher solar to electric or solar to fuel conversion efficiency. we were able to achieve record efficiencies for generation of hydrogen from water splitting. that actually was a collaboration with the technical university of human now in germany. yet another example of successful international cooperation on to germany, to the m l. university of technology that the engine energy research institute here was founded with the aim of bringing individual areas of research together. experiments to test the practical applications of research for industrial processes are carried out as quickly as possible. together with his colleague atwater from pasadena, professor thomas han apple is conducting research into the components of the 21st century is most important resource,

semi conductors. they can be as tiny as they are complex and made up of different layers of materials to create perfect harmony within that layering. a mastery of basic materials is required to understand how they all work together. the goal here is to achieve the greatest efficiency possible. when what you really have to understand things down to the atomic level to get the main components to ultimately run flawlessly. in the the elemental reactor can heat matter up to 1000 degrees celsius. at that temperature, materials can reach a perfect level of purity. once the semi conductors are free of impurities, they can be assembled like a lego set and stacked in layers and studies. doing so helps improve the efficiency of existing semi conductor materials and could allow for the creation of completely

new materials. now you can basically see the actual reactor, here's the sample and here's what the gas comes in, flowing over the sample air, it takes another minute to reach its boiling point once the pressure and the reason the results that i can start the process is for temperatures that we're no aiming for this sample, which are the kind of on 1000 degrees. the temperature is slowly rising. connecting such highly complex research to practical applications like this is unique reactors like the one in m and now are also used in industry. everything that's needed for swift implementation on a large scale, it's already on hands on this

combination is pretty original understanding of what the locations may have comparable approaches. the fact that we do this balancing act here, directly linking of science and then just through the process. people, it's, it is the solution which i believe is unique and the world's design speed isn't everything, but it's highly important in the race to a green or future for a long time government's had other priorities. the focus was on the use of fossil fuels and research and to nuclear energy gets us to sort of the, the fruits and what's happened really. we lost them over 15 years as a global emissions continued to rise. i said this, we've also realized that the effects of climate change and much more dramatic than we thought 15 years ago. that's in 10 minutes. we need to have even more aggressive climate. it's august. the speed of transformations needed to get from our current state to an emissions neutral systems. we needs to increase also in every source,

not try window on the shrunk from 50 or 70 years, like from just 25 of frequent santiago. so that's why scientists are under pressure to deliver results that can quickly reach industrial maturity. additional ideas are being pursued today. that sound a bit like science fiction. like harnessing the power of the oceans or capturing solar energy in space. at the california institute of technology, the space solar power project is pursuing the bold plan of collecting solar energy directly up where the earth's atmosphere doesn't get in the way from there. it could then be beam to relay stations on earth. from the we're just demonstrating here today a couple of small scale, very small scale prototypes of the photo whole take cells being designed for the

space solar power project. the space or power project is aimed at building the components of an ultra light, very large scale solar power generation system in space. so every satellite in space nowadays uses solar panels to power. satellite operations are typically satellites are relatively compact structures. they're a few 100 kilograms at most, but what we're aiming to do with the space or power project is develop scalable fabrication methods for building very large scale power systems that could go to the megawatt and you know, hundreds of megawatt scale in space. and which would allow us to wirelessly transmit the power back to the earth and use it on earth. even this experiment in space would not have been possible, had it not been for the great leaps, made in materials research. photo vol techs have seen incredible breakthroughs.

yeah, well it turns out that the materials that are most suitable, in fact, are inspired from some of this work that we have done in fordable techs and solar fuels because they are semi conductor materials and insulating materials. the kinds of materials that we use in, in, in those other lines of research. in january 2023, a prototype of a self unfolding solar array was launched into space for the 1st time. with it, professor ad waters team hopes to see how feasible a future solar farm could be. each one is expected to measure 3 kilometers by 3 kilometers, at least to start the ideas to assemble several such elements into giant's solar farms. for the big advantage is that it is never nighttime in

space. if you go far away from the earth to a g, a stationary orbit, and you point your solar collector at the sun. it is noon on a sunny day, 24 hours a day. and as a result, you generate on a day night cycle basis, much more solar power in space than you do honors in space. there is no limitation to neither sun nor size. the energy harvested could then be beam to receiving stations on earth in the form of electromagnetic waves the very much like the way your cellphone, or your mobile phone works. where you transmit a signal from a antenna to your phone or from your phone to the base station. we can use the same frequency radiation to transmit power from space to the or a breakthrough was reported in march 2023 for the 1st time the solar array

prototype sent electricity back to earth. so the technology works in principle. it will be years though, before it can be used in practice at stanford and around the world. researchers are thinking far ahead about making a full energy transition possible below. and i would almost say we're racing towards what i quote on energy revolution. that might sound dramatic a fast yet. but instead of future prospect that she to show us and say, listen, we need to get young people excited about stem professions, about renewable energy. so that they joined as soon as possible. that has to happen . these fuels have many jobs waiting for them. they just don't know it yet because we need them hopelessly. science and technological innovations have made tremendous progress in recent years. and in the major industrialized nations and around the world, the political will for transformation is there. but there is still

a long way to go before green energy is powering every thing on earth. we don't know yet. how would we be in 20 or 30 years? but who have to side on it and some of the decisions we take now. we know that may be in 1520. yes. we will look back and say that was a wrong decision. but we have to try today. not simply some day. actions need to be taken that bring us towards the sustainable energy of our future . the

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this is the state of the news line from her lesson. george's parliament approves a controversial law that is part weeks of protest. felice clashed with protesters as lawmakers agree, restrictions on media and other groups which gets funding from abroad, where they say the legislation is a threat to democracy and damage as george's hopes of joining the european union. also coming up america's top diplomat takes message of supports to ukraine and to be blinking says more military aid is on the way. as a 5th rush, i must pay for the destruction. its invasion has cost.